Stock markets have been more volatile lately, largely due to U.S. and European debt problems. Although these are significant problems in need of long-term, structural changes, I view investing as a long-term, disciplined process. That being said, how does one invest for the future but also take advantage of short-term opportunities to strengthen ones financial situation.
As explained by Andrea Coombes in a MarketWatch article posted on September 23rd, there are five things that should be the foundation of any long-term investment portfolio:
Minimize Taxes - Although investment income and capital gains are taxable, there are ways to structure a portfolio to minimize or defer these taxable events. Gains can also be offset by losses in certain instances.
Control Costs - Any investment has a cost associated with it, but these costs can be controlled by evaluating management fees and consolidating assets to reduce fees. Costs can often be hidden or difficult to quantify, so an independent investment professional can assist in evaluating the true costs of various investments.
Diversify - This is as simple as "Don't put all your eggs in one basket." Investments should be across various asset classes, company sizes and economies. A large amount of an investor's portfolio in one specific investment, concentrates too much risk in one area, unless that investment is broadly diversified itself.
Rebalance - Different asset classes will perform differently in a portfolio. Outperformance of one asset class should be realized and then reinvested in an underperforming asset class. This rebalancing can contribute significantly to the aggregate performance of a portfolio over time.
Be Proactive, But Patient - A plan should first be developed before investing significant amounts of capital. This plan should include goals and the amount of risk that you are comfortable with. Portfolio performance should be monitored versus this plan over time and changes can made, if needed. Accomplishing long-term financial goals is a patient process, though, and no rash changes should be made based on emotions.
Although the news headlines will always affect our emotional well-being, a long-term investment plan with a strong foundation provides a stable backdrop to the ups and downs of our daily lives.
